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Content derived from Wikipedia article on Apache HTTP Server

Apache HTTP Server

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Apache HTTP Server 

Developer: Apache Software Foundation

Latest release: 1.3.37 / July 28, 2006

2.0.59 / July 28, 2006

2.2.3 / July 28, 2006

OS: Cross-platform

Use: Web server

License: Apache License

Website: http://httpd.apache.org/

Apache HTTP Server is a free software/open source web server for Unix-like systems, Microsoft Windows, Novell NetWare and other operating systems. Apache is notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web, and continues to be the most popular web server in use,[1] serving as the de facto reference platform against which other web servers are designed and judged.

Apache features configurable error messages, DBMS-based authentication databases, and content negotiation. It is also supported by several graphical user interfaces (GUIs) which permit easier, more intuitive configuration of the server.

Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation.

Contents

1 History

2 License

3 Usage

4 Features

5 Apache 2

6 See also

7 References

8 External links

History

The first version of the Apache web server was created by Rob McCool, who was heavily involved with the National Center for Supercomputing Applications web server, known simply as NCSA HTTPd. When Rob left NCSA in mid-1994, the development of httpd stalled, leaving a variety of patches for improvements circulating through e-mails.

Rob McCool was not alone in his efforts. Several other developers helped form the original "Apache Group": Brian Behlendorf, Roy T. Fielding, Rob Hartill, David Robinson, Cliff Skolnick, Randy Terbush, Robert S. Thau, Andrew Wilson, Eric Hagberg, Frank Peters, and Nicolas Pioch.

The FAQ on the project"'s official site states: "The name "'Apache"' was chosen from respect for the Native American Indian tribe of Apache (Indé), well-known for their superior skills in warfare strategy and their inexhaustible endurance." However, the most widespread interpretation is that the name comes from the fact that when it was developed in early 1995, the web server consisted a set of patches to the codebase of NCSA HTTPd 1.3 and was therefore "a patchy" server. This was the explanation initially given on the project"'s website.[2]

When first released, Apache was the only viable open source alternative to the Netscape web server (currently known as Sun Java System Web Server). It has since evolved to rival other Unix-based web servers in terms of functionality and performance. Since April 1996 Apache has been the most popular HTTP server on the Internet. By May 1999 Apache installations served 57% of all websites. Its popularity continued to rise, and in February 2006 Apache served 68% of all websites.[3] Microsoft"'s Internet Information Services (IIS) is the main competitor to Apache, trailed by Sun Microsystems"' Sun Java System Web Server and a host of other applications such as Zeus.

License

Main article: Apache License

The License under which software from the Apache Foundation is distributed is a distinctive part of the Apache HTTP Server"'s history and presence in the open source software environment. The Apache License allows for the distribution of both open- and closed-source derivations of the source code.

Furthermore, it is perhaps surprising that the Free Software Foundation does not consider the Apache License to be "compatible" with version 2.0 of the GNU General Public License (GPL), meaning that software licensed under the Apache License cannot be integrated with software that is distributed under the GPL. Here is what the FSF says about the Apache License:

    This is a free software license but it is incompatible with the GPL. The Apache Software License is incompatible with the GPL because it has a specific requirement that is not in the GPL: it has certain patent termination cases that the GPL does not require. (We don"'t think those patent termination cases are inherently a bad idea, but nonetheless they are incompatible with the GNU GPL.)   

The current draft of Version 3 of the GPL includes a provision (Section 7e) which allows it to be compatible with licenses that have patent retaliation clauses, including the Apache License.

Usage

Apache is primarily used to serve static and dynamic content on the World Wide Web. Many web applications are designed expecting the environment and features that Apache provides.

Apache is the web server component of the popular LAMP web server application stack, alongside Linux, MySQL, and the PHP/Perl/Python programming languages.

Apache is redistributed as part of various proprietary packages, such as the Oracle database or the IBM WebSphere application server. Mac OS X integrates Apache as its built-in web server and as support for its WebObjects application server. It is also supported in some way by Borland in the Kylix and Delphi development tools. Apache is included with Novell NetWare 6.5, where it is the default web server.

Apache is used for many other tasks where content needs to be made available in a secure and reliable way. One example is sharing files from a personal computer over the Internet. A user who has Apache installed on their desktop can put arbitrary files in the Apache"'s document root which can then be shared.

Programmers developing web applications often use a locally installed version of Apache in order to preview and test code as it is being developed.

Features

Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the core functionality. These can range from server-side programming language support to authentication schemes. Some common language interfaces support Perl, Python, Tcl, and PHP. Popular authentication modules include mod_access, mod_auth, and mod_digest. A sample of other features include SSL and TLS support (mod_ssl), a proxy module, a useful URL rewriter (also known as a rewrite engine, implemented under mod_rewrite), custom log files (mod_log_config), and filtering support (mod_include and mod_ext_filter). Apache logs can be analyzed through a web browser using free scripts such as AWStats or Visitors.

Apache 2

Version 2 of the Apache server is a substantial re-write of much of the Apache 1.x code, with a strong focus on further modularisation and the development of a portability layer, the APR. The Apache 2.x core has several major enhancements over Apache 1.x.[1] These include UNIX threading, better support for non-Unix platforms (such as Windows), a new Apache API, and IPv6 support. The first alpha release of Apache 2 was in March 2000 with the first general availability release in May 2002.

Version 2.2 introduced a new auth API that allows for more flexibility. It also features improved cache modules and proxy modules.[2]

See also

 Free software Portal

Comparison of web servers

Stronghold, version formerly distributed by Red Hat

ApacheBench

POSSE project

.htaccess

Httpd.conf

References

^ http://news.netcraft.com/archives/web_server_survey.html

^ Wayback Machine link to the Apache website, 1997

^ Netcraft Web Server Survey, February 2006

This article was originally based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, which is licensed under the GFDL.

External links

Apache HTTP Server official website

ONLamp.com Apache DevCenter

Apache Week

Apache News Online

Apache Lounge - Apache forum, and downloads HTTPS and modules

Apache Software Foundation[hide]

Apache HTTP Server | Ant | APR | Beehive | Cocoon | Directory | Excalibur | Forrest | Geronimo | Gump | iBATIS | Jackrabbit | James | Lenya | Maven | MyFaces | mod_perl | SpamAssassin | Struts | TCL | Tomcat | Axis | XMLBeans | Tapestry | HiveMind | WebWork 2

Jakarta Project

BCEL | BSF | Cactus | Commons | ECS | HttpComponents | JCS | JMeter | ORO | POI | Regexp | Slide | Taglibs | Turbine | Velocity

Apache DB

Derby | Torque | DdlUtils | OJB | JDO

Apache Portals

Jetspeed 1 | Jetspeed 2 | Graffito | Pluto | WSRP4J

Apache Lucene

Lucene Java | Nutch | Hadoop | Lucene4c | Lucy

Apache XML

AxKit | Xalan | Xerces

XML Graphics

Batik | FOP

Apache Logging

Log4j | Log4Cxx | Log4Perl | Log4PLSQL

Apache Incubator

Harmony | Yoko | WADI | OpenEJB | ServiceMix | ActiveMQ | OFBiz | Wicket | Log4Net | Log4PHP | Roller |

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server"

Categories: FOLDOC sourced articles | Free web server software | Apache Software Foundation projects

End of Wikipedia content, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server

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